As migrant spouses’ education increases from high school to some college or above, the increase in their likelihood of hukou locality intermarriage is similar between Shanghai and Shenzhen. When migrant spouses’ education changes from high school to some college or above, their odds of hukou locality intermarriage increase by 159% and 110% in Shanghai and Shenzhen, respectively, and the difference between Shanghai and Shenzhen is not statistically significant (Shanghai: ? = 0.95, exp(?) = 2.59,p 0.05). In contrast, as migrant spouses’ education changes from less onko hyesingles todellinen? than high school to high school, their odds of intermarriage increase significantly in Shenzhen (? = 0.02 + 1.81 = 1.83,p 0.05), and the difference is highly significant (dif.: ? = 1.81,p < 0.001).
This matchmaking is very strong inside the Shenzhen
Full, as well as supporting proof of a dyadic change, particularly in Shenzhen, we as well as discover supporting research to own field exchange, as migrants may wed a community spouse (i.age., in order to create hukou intermarriage) because their education increases. The results strongly recommend a top probability of hukou locality-studies replace to possess low-college-educated migrants when you look at the Shenzhen than in Shanghai, but the same probability of hukou locality-degree replace during these a couple of metropolises having school-experienced migrants, and this supports Hypothesis step three your all the way down odds of hukou locality-education change in Shanghai, versus Shenzhen, holds for low-college-experienced migrants yet not to have college-experienced migrants.
Centered on Model 5 out of Dining table dos and you will Shape 2 , regional spouses’ knowledge is not associated with its record-odds of hukou locality intermarriage, hence matchmaking will not differ among them towns and cities
So far, you will find considered just intermarriage ranging from natives and you will migrants, as opposed to pinpointing ranging from one or two hukou items. Inside our test, neighbors is mostly urban hukou people whereas migrants generally keep rural hukou in both locations. Particularly, in the Shanghai, from the 85% from neighbors however, no more than 20% of migrants has actually urban hukou. Inside the Shenzhen, all the natives hold metropolitan hukou, but just about 35% regarding migrants are urban hukou people. The clinical improvement regarding hukou form of ranging from natives and migrants suggests a chances of hukou variety of exchange within this inter-hukou-locality ine whether or not hukou form of affects the efficiency.
First, i view this new delivery off hukou particular one of intermarriages of hukou locality. Once the revealed during the Shape A1, more than half of the partners in which two partners disagree in the hukou locality form homogamy when it comes to hukou types of. This really is in line with past results that Chinese e hukou style of (Li & Lu, 2008; Wang & He, 2014). Good gender asymmetric pattern regarding hukou interong lovers associated with an excellent migrant partner and you may a city wife, just eleven% try outlying-husband-urban-spouse couples while 86% is urban-husband-urban-partner people. On the other hand, certainly couples where in fact the husband are good Shanghai regional resident therefore the spouse was a beneficial migrant, 45% was metropolitan-husband-rural-spouse people. This basically means, whenever women with Shanghai hukou marry migrants, they have a tendency to help you wed urban migrants, while guys which have Shanghai hukou exactly who marry migrant women will marry outlying migrants. From inside the Shenzhen, which gender development is faster pronounced: 26% off migrant-husband-local-spouse couples has actually an urban partner and you may an outlying husband, while 12% of local-husband-migrant-partner people encompass a metropolitan husband and a rural partner. This type of results suggest that inside the Shanghai relationships sector, one another hukou area and you will hukou type of build intermarriage patterns, however in Shenzhen hukou particular looks faster important. It then aids all of our findings about hukou burden getting more powerful from inside the Shanghai compared to Shenzhen.
Second, we did a sensitivity analysis by excluding couples in which two spouses differ in both hukou locality and hukou type. In this way, intermarriages that cross hukou locality do not include any couples that might also engage in status exchange in terms of hukou type. The results (available upon request) are substantively the same. Hukou locality homogamy remains more pronounced in Shanghai than in Shenzhen (? Shenzhen*hukou homogamy =?0.42, p shenzhen*(migrants: high school vs. less than high school) 1.11, p